The stopwatch clock history

The clock (from Middle Low German for (e), originally Latin hora, the hour ') is a meter that displays the current time or a time period measured. In its several millennia evolution from simple to high-precision atomic clock Elementaruhr stood and stands them in more complex interaction of cultural, technological and social development of humanity.

The online stopwatch represents a fundamental parameter of human life - the time. In the symbolism of art and it stands for the eternal flow of time, as vanitas motif for impermanence and our mortality. It appears in representations but also as an indication of wealth or as an attribute of Temperance, moderation. Today the clock has become an indispensable companion in various areas of everyday life. The watch accompany its wearer as always-time display.

The electronic clock is found in many everyday items, from household appliances over the TV and radio alarm clock to the computer and mobile phone. In the technical world of work determines the timing of both complicated production processes, as well as simply the length of the working day for the employees. The Elementaruhr the mechanical clock and have lost their central role in timekeeping today though, but still enjoy great popularity among enthusiasts and collectors of antiques.
Even in antiquity, told the man his daily routine through observation of the heavenly bodies the sun and moon. Rising and setting of the sun and its highest at midday it was striking moments, could the wandering shadows through simple marks, the time will be divided. In ancient Egypt, this became the shadow clock developed.

The days were divided into a certain number of seasonal hours, the length, however, changed continuously during the seasons. At least since the Middle Kingdom diagonal star clocks were in use, the hour division was based on movements of constellations and aligned with the principle was äqualen hours. Coffin Texts of each era can be seen that the diagonal star clocks according to Egyptian mythology should be the deceased help her sky rise.

Since the 16th Century BC, the use of the water clock in ancient Egypt is known. The official Amenemhet invented in the reign of Amenhotep I a water meter with an improved timing.

Water clocks consisted of a vessel in the water either expired or off. Water level at the time could be read independently of the daylight and at regular time intervals. Water clocks allowed so the use of the uniform, äqualen hours that found in modified form in Babylonia, for example, as Danna application. Later they used the water clock with train wheels connected float, which allowed a time display on the dials. In Greece, these watches were used to limit the speaking time in court. The phrase "Time is up" can be traced back to it.

The technique of sundials and water clock timer was adopted by the Romans and the Roman Empire spread. In Trier, the Roman Augusta Treverorum, 1913, the foundations of the tower were discovered, the likely the Tower of the Winds, a combined solar and water meter in Athens, have been almost identical. [3] It is expected that these techniques to the latest time of the Germanic provinces of Rome were known in our region, even if the knowledge was lost with the fall of the Roman Empire for centuries.

There was a flowering of science in Islamic countries. Arabs and Moors researched in various fields and provided great achievements in mathematics, astronomy and time measurement. Magnificent water clocks, which were equipped with machines are complicated figure, known in the Arab world.

An impressive example is the al-Elefantenuhr Dschazarī, another the water meter with machines that Charlemagne was given in 807 by Caliph Al-Rasheed Haaroon given. In addition to the water meter was also the astrolabe, originally a Greek instrument for the determination of star positions and time have changed. The astrolabes found their way back to Europe and slowly, especially in monasteries of the scientific basis for an independent production. In many medieval monumental clocks such astrolabes can be found.